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KMID : 1164420090040010013
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Health Communication
2009 Volume.4 No. 1 p.13 ~ p.22
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Theorie und Praxis der Analyse Therapeutischer Kommunikation
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Arnulf Deppermann
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Abstract
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This paper gives a short introduction into research on talk and interaction in psychotherapy from a conversation analytic (CA) perspective. It sketches the most important areas of research and the basic methodological considerations which guide CA studies. As an example for CA work on psychotherapy, I report findings from my own study on therapists’ use of questions. It is shown that second turn-questions which expand on a patient’s narrative are used as devices which are designed to elicit the patient’s reflection on his/her prior own statements and stories. In this way, they are maieutic devices, which induce the patient to extend or to re-interpret his/her story and to glean a psychologically relevant interpretation from the story. In their pursuit of engendering the patient’s own interpretation of his/her story, therapists act
according to an order of preference of reactions to patients’ narratives: The first option is to produce continuers, followed by silence and questions. Only if these devices did not work as to elicit interpretations from the patient’s side which the therapist regards as advancing the therapeutic agenda, therapists start to formulate interpretations by themselves. This order of preferential reactions reflects a preference for self-interpretation by the patient, which is supported by maieutic questioning.
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KEYWORD
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Psychotherapy, Narrative, Conversation analysis, Questions, Preference structure, Interpretation, Silence, Maieutic questions
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